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Ectropion
Definition
Ectropion is the turning out of the eyelid (usually the lower eyelid) so that the inner surface is exposed.
Causes
Ectropion is usually caused by the aging process and the weakening of the connective tissue of the eyelid, which causes the lid to turn out. It can also be caused by:
- A defect that occurs before birth (for example, in children with Down syndrome)
- Facial palsy
- Scar tissue from burns
Symptoms
- Dry, painful eyes
- Excess tearing of the eye (epiphora)
- Eyelid turns outward
- Long-term (chronic) conjunctivitis
- Keratitis
- Redness of the lid and white part of the eye
Exams and Tests
A physical examination of the eyes and eyelids confirms the diagnosis. Special tests are usually not necessary.
Treatment
Artificial tears (a lubricant) may relieve dryness and keep the cornea lubricated. Surgery to tighten the muscles that hold the eyelids in place is usually effective. It may be performed as outpatient surgery with local anesthesia.
Outlook (Prognosis)
The outcome is expected to be good with treatment.
Possible Complications
Corneal dryness and irritation may lead to:
- Corneal abrasions
- Corneal ulcers
- Eye infections
Corneal ulcers can threaten vision.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of ectropion.
If you have ectropion, get medical attention if you experience the following emergency symptoms:
- Decreasing vision
- Pain
- Light sensitivity
- Rapidly increasing redness
Prevention
Most cases are not preventable. Using artificial tears or lubricating ointments may prevent corneal complications.
References
Robinson FO, Collin JRO. Ectropion. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2008:chap 12.7.
Yanoff M, Cameron D. Diseases of the visual system. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 431.
Reviewed By: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director and Director of Didactic Curriculum, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.
